1 Lipid-based nanocomposites for mRNA delivery: current trends and future challenges 1 Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are critical for the efficient delivery and intracellular transport of mRNA. They have recently been recognized as essential components of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Recent vaccinations have demonstrated the significant of lipid-based nanocomposite in the positive and effective delivery of mRNA therapies. These nanocomposites boost mRNA's efficacy by improving stability, biological uptake, and targeted delivery. We examine how lipid-based mRNA delivery methods are still being developed. 1 2 Matin Sorkhabi School of science and health, The University of Georgia, Tbilisi Georgia Matinsorkhabi@ug.edu.ge Lipid-based nanocomposite mRNA delivery Nanomaterials Targeted delivery [1] E. Musielak, A. Feliczak-Guzik, I. Nowak, Synthesis and Potential Applications of Lipid Nanoparticles in Medicine, Materials, 2022.##[2] Y. Eygeris, M. Gupta, J. Kim, G. Sahay, Chemistry of lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery, Accounts of chemical research 55(1) (2021) 2-12.##[3] X. Hou, T. Zaks, R. Langer, Y. Dong, Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery, Nature Reviews Materials 6(12) (2021) 1078-1094.##[4] H. Nsairat, D. Khater, U. Sayed, F. Odeh, A. Al Bawab, W. Alshaer, Liposomes: structure, composition, types, and clinical applications, Heliyon 8(5) (2022) e09394.##[5] A.H. Saleh, D. Kumar, I. Sirakov, P. Shafiee, M. Arefian, Application of nano compounds for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of SARS-coronavirus: A review, Journal of Composites and Compounds 3(9) (2021) 230-246.##[6] L. Khalili, G. Dehghan, N. Sheibani, A. Khataee, Smart active-targeting of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for therapeutic applications: Recent advances and challenges, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 213 (2022) 166-194.##[7] L. Lin, K. Su, Q. Cheng, S. Liu, Targeting materials and strategies for RNA delivery, Theranostics 13(13) (2023) 4667.##[8] T.T.H. Thi, E.J. Suys, J.S. Lee, D.H. Nguyen, K.D. Park, N.P. Truong, Lipid-based nanoparticles in the clinic and clinical trials: from cancer nanomedicine to COVID-19 vaccines, Vaccines 9(4) (2021) 359.##[9] R. Singh, Z. Rabiei Dolatabadi, N. Tripathi, S. Mukhtar, D. Sultan Sheriff, F.G. Morais, P. Shafiee, Recent progress on filtration technologies for the fabrication of effective COVID masks: A review, Journal of Composites and Compounds 3(9) (2021) 218-229.##[10] C. Zhang, Y. Ma, J. Zhang, J.C.-T. Kuo, Z. Zhang, H. Xie, J. Zhu, T. Liu, Modification of lipid-based nanoparticles: an efficient delivery system for nucleic acid-based immunotherapy, Molecules 27(6) (2022) 1943.##[11] D.f. Li, Q.s. Liu, M.f. Yang, H.m. Xu, M.z. Zhu, Y. Zhang, J. Xu, C.m. Tian, J. Yao, L.s. Wang, Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities, Bioengineering and Translational Medicine 8(3) (2023) e10492.##[12] S. Qin, X. Tang, Y. Chen, K. Chen, N. Fan, W. Xiao, Q. Zheng, G. Li, Y. Teng, M. Wu, mRNA-based therapeutics: powerful and versatile tools to combat diseases, Signal transduction and targeted therapy 7(1) (2022) 166.##[13] A. Chan, A. Tsourkas, Intracellular protein delivery: approaches, challenges, and clinical applications, BME frontiers 5 (2024) 0035.##[14] M.L. Guevara, F. Persano, S. Persano, Advances in lipid nanoparticles for mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy, Frontiers in chemistry 8 (2020) 589959.##[15] J. Whitley, C. Zwolinski, C. Denis, M. Maughan, L. Hayles, D. Clarke, M. Snare, H. Liao, S. Chiou, T. Marmura, Development of mRNA manufacturing for vaccines and therapeutics: mRNA platform requirements and development of a scalable production process to support early phase clinical trials, Translational Research 242 (2022) 38-55.